Menene Cutar STI?
STI na nufin Sexually Transmitted Infection wato cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima’i. Ana iya ɗaukarsu ta hanyar jima’i ta farji, dubura, ko baki (oral), kuma wasu na iya watsuwa ta jini ko daga uwa zuwa jariri a ciki ko lokacin haihuwa (WHO).
Me yasa STI ke da haɗari?
Abin da ya fi tayar da hankali shi ne: STI da dama ba su da alamomi. Mutum na iya ɗauke da cuta ba tare da ya sani ba, sannan ya watsa wa wani (WHO).
Alamomin STI da ake yawan gani
Idan alamomi sun bayyana, suna iya haɗawa da:
- Ruwan da ba a saba ba daga farji ko azzakari
- Zafi yayin fitsari
- Ƙaiƙayi a gabobin jima’i
- Rauni/ƙuraje/tsiro (sores, ulcers, lumps) a gabobin jima’i ko dubura
- Ciwon ƙasan ciki (lower abdominal pain) musamman ga mata
Wannan jerin alamomi na daga cikin abubuwan da WHO ke bayyana a matsayin alamomin STI idan sun fito (WHO).
Misalan cututtukan STI
Akwai nau’o’in STI da yawa, ciki har da:
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea (sankarau na jima’i)
- Syphilis
- Trichomoniasis
- Genital herpes
- HPV (na iya haifar da warts, kuma yana da alaƙa da kansar mahaifa)
- HIV
- Hepatitis B
WHO na ƙididdige waɗannan cikin fitattun STIs, kuma ya jaddada muhimmancin kariya da gwaji (WHO).
Me zai iya faruwa idan ba a yi magani ba?
Wasu STIs na iya jawo matsaloli masu tsanani, musamman idan aka bar su ba tare da magani ba:
- Rashin haihuwa (infertility)
- Matsalolin ciki da haihuwa (pregnancy complications)
- Ƙarin haɗarin kamuwa da HIV
WHO ya bayyana cewa STIs na iya haifar da manyan matsalolin lafiya kamar rashin haihuwa da matsalolin ciki (WHO).
Yadda ake kare kai daga STI
Ga hanyoyin kariya da aka fi dogaro da su:
- Amfani da condom daidai kuma a kai a kai (vaginal, oral, anal)
- Rage yawan abokan jima’i ko kasancewa da aboki guda ɗaya mai aminci
- Gwajin STI akai-akai musamman idan akwai sabon abokin jima’i
- Rigakafi ga wasu cututtuka: HPV da Hepatitis B
WHO ya jaddada condom a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin kariya mafi inganci, kuma ya nuna akwai rigakafi masu tasiri ga HPV da Hepatitis B (WHO).
CDC ma ya jaddada rigakafi (HPV da Hepatitis B), rage yawan abokan jima’i, da yin gwaji a kai a kai a matsayin matakan kariya (CDC).
Gwajin STI: Me ya kamata a sani?
Sau da yawa gwaji shi ne hanya mafi tabbas domin gano STI. NHS ya bayyana cewa STIs na iya ɗaukar lokaci kafin su bayyana a gwaji, kuma idan ba ka da alamomi ana iya ba da shawarar jira kafin yin gwaji (NHS).
Yaushe ya dace a je asibiti?
Ka tuntubi likita ko cibiyar lafiyar jima’i idan:
- Ka ga ruwan da ba a saba ba ko wari
- Ka ji zafi yayin fitsari
- Ka ga ƙuraje/rauni/tsiro a gabobin jima’i
- Ka yi jima’i ba tare da kariya ba kuma kana son tabbatarwa
NHS ya jaddada cewa “gwaji ne kadai ke tabbatarwa,” musamman ma tunda wasu STIs ba su da alamomi (NHS).
Taƙaitaccen Bayani
STI cututtuka ne da ake ɗauka ta jima’i, kuma wasu na iya kasancewa ba tare da alamomi ba. Kariya ta fi sauƙi fiye da magani: amfani da condom, yin gwaji, rage haɗari, da yin rigakafin HPV/Hepatitis B idan ya dace.