Saukar Mahaifa (Gaban Mace Yana Fitowa Waje): Dalilai, Alamomi, Magani, da Hanyoyin Kariya

byMuhammad Tahir Yusuf -
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Saukar Mahaifa (Gaban Mace Yana Fitowa Waje): Dalilai, Alamomi, Magani, da Hanyoyin Kariya
Lafiyar Mace

Saukar Mahaifa (Gaban Mace Yana Fitowa Waje): Dalilai, Alamomi, Magani, da Hanyoyin Kariya

A Hausa, ana kiran wannan matsala da “saukar mahaifa” ko “gaban mace yana fitowa waje.” A likitance, ana danganta ta da uterine prolapse ko pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Wannan bayani na taimaka wa masu karatu su gane matsalar da wuri, su san abin da za su yi, da lokacin da ya dace su je asibiti.

Abubuwan da za mu tattauna

Menene Saukar Mahaifa?

Saukar mahaifa na faruwa ne idan tsokoki da jijiyoyin da ke riƙe mahaifa a ƙashin ƙugu (pelvis) sun yi rauni ko sun miƙe, har ba sa iya ba da isasshen goyon baya. Sai mahaifa ta fara zura ƙasa cikin farji, ko ta kusanci bakin farji, ko ma ta fito waje gwargwadon tsanani. Wannan shi ne abin da Mayo Clinic ta bayyana a matsayin uterine prolapse: pelvic floor muscles/ligaments sun raunana, mahaifa ta gangaro ƙasa ko ta protrude. [3]

Saukar mahaifa na shiga cikin babban rukuni na cututtuka da ake kira Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP): wato saukar gabobin ƙasan ciki zuwa farji. A POP, ba mahaifa kaɗai ba, har ma mafitsara (bladder) ko hanji (rectum) na iya saukowa. Cleveland Clinic ta bayyana POP a matsayin raunin goyon bayan pelvic da ke sa organ ya “bulge” cikin farji. [4]

Me ya sa wannan bayanin ya ke da muhimmanci?
  • Domin mata da dama suna jin tsoro ko kunya, su ɓoye matsalar.
  • Domin idan an gano da wuri, hanyoyin sauƙi kamar motsa jiki (Kegel) ko pessary na iya rage matsalar. [1][4]
  • Domin akwai lokutan da matsalar ke bukatar kulawar gaggawa musamman idan an kasa yin fitsari ko akwai rauni. [1][2]

Dalilai da abubuwan da ke ƙara haɗari

1) Haihuwa ta farji (musamman sau da yawa)

Haihuwa na iya miƙa tsokoki/jijiyoyin pelvic floor. Idan haihuwa ta yi wahala, jariri ya yi girma, ko an yi haihuwa da yawa, haɗarin prolapse na ƙaruwa. Wannan na daga cikin dalilan da aka fi yawan ambata a bayanan asibitoci. [2][3]

2) Tsufa da menopause

Da shekaru, tsokoki na raguwa ƙarfi. Bayan menopause, raguwar estrogen na iya taimakawa raunin nama masu goyon baya, shi ya sa POP yakan fi bayyana bayan wannan lokaci. [2][4]

3) Kiba ko nauyin jiki mai yawa

Kiba na ƙara matsi a ƙasan ciki (intra-abdominal pressure). Wannan matsi na danna pelvic floor a kai-a-kai, har tsokoki su raunana a hankali. Cleveland Clinic da NHS sun ambaci kiba a matsayin abin da ke ƙara haɗari. [2][4]

4) Wahalar bayan gida (constipation) da yawan tura ƙarfi

Idan mace na yawan tura ƙarfi wajen bayan gida, wannan na ɗaga matsi a ciki, yana iya fara prolapse ko ya tsananta. A bangaren magani/rigakafi, ana yawan ba da shawarar gyaran constipation domin rage matsi. [4][2]

5) Tari mai tsanani ko matsalar huhu

Tari mai ɗorewa na aiki kamar “tura ƙarfi” a kai-a-kai. Wannan na iya tsananta POP. NHS ta ambaci tari mai ɗorewa a cikin abubuwan haɗari. [2]

6) Ɗaga kaya masu nauyi ko aiki mai nauyi

Yawan ɗaga kaya masu nauyi, musamman idan ba daidai ba, na ƙara matsi a ciki. Idan pelvic floor ya riga ya raunana, hakan na iya sa alamu su ƙaru. [2][4]

Abin lura: Saukar mahaifa ba laifi ba ne, kuma ba alamar “kazanta” ba ce. Matsala ce ta tsokoki/jijiyoyi da matsi, kuma ana da hanyoyin magani. [2][4]

Alamomi: abin da mace kan ji

Alamomin saukar mahaifa suna da yawa, kuma sukan bambanta. Wasu mata na da saukar mahaifa amma ba su da wata alama. Amma idan alamu sun bayyana, sukan kasance kamar haka:

  • Jin nauyi ko “matsi” a farji/ƙasan ciki.
  • Jin bulge kamar wani abu yana tsaya a farji ko yana gangarowa ƙasa. [2][4]
  • Ganin nama yana fitowa daga farji (musamman idan tsanani ne).
  • Matsalar fitsari: yawan fitsari, jin ba a gama zubarwa ba, ko zubewar fitsari idan an yi dariya/tari (stress incontinence). [2][8]
  • Matsalar bayan gida: wahalar yin bayan gida ko jin cunkoso.
  • Rashin jin daɗi yayin jima’i (wani lokaci zafi, wani lokaci jin “cunkoso”). [2]
  • Alamu na iya ƙaruwa bayan tsayuwa/tafiya na dogon lokaci, ko bayan ɗaga kaya.

NHS ta bayyana alamu irin su jin bulge, matsalar fitsari, da rashin jin daɗi. Cleveland Clinic ma ta yi bayani kan POP a matsayin bulge/pressure. [2][4]

Matakai: daga sauka kaɗan zuwa fitowa waje

Likitoci na amfani da tsarin matakai domin auna tsanani. Domin fahimtar jama’a, ga taƙaitaccen bayani:

  • Mataki na 1: mahaifa ta sauko kaɗan, ba ta kai bakin farji sosai.
  • Mataki na 2: ta kusanci bakin farji; ana iya jin “bulge” musamman idan an tura ƙarfi.
  • Mataki na 3: wani ɓangaren mahaifa/ƙofar farji na iya fitowa waje.
  • Mataki na 4: prolapse mai tsanani sosai, ana iya ganin nama ya fito waje gaba ɗaya.
Idan nama ya fito waje: Kada ki yi ƙoƙarin tura shi da ƙarfi ko amfani da magungunan gargajiya a kai kai tsaye. Ki nemi shawarar likita domin a duba ko akwai rauni, kumburi, ko infection, sannan a ba da magani mai dacewa. [2]

Bambance-bambance: Saukar mahaifa vs saukar mafitsara vs saukar hanji

A Hausa, mutane sukan ce “gaba ya sauko.” Amma a likitance, POP na iya haɗawa da organ daban:

  • Uterine prolapse: mahaifa ce ta gangaro ƙasa. [3]
  • Cystocele: mafitsara (bladder) ta danna cikin farji, tana iya kawo zubewar fitsari ko jin ba a gama zubarwa ba. [4][8]
  • Rectocele: hanji (rectum) ya danna bangon farji na baya, yana iya kawo wahalar bayan gida. [4]

Wannan shi ya sa gwajin pelvic a asibiti yake da muhimmanci domin a san wane organ ne ya fi saukowa, sannan a zabi magani da ya dace. [2][3]

Yadda likita ke ganowa (bincike)

Ganowa yawanci ba ya bukatar wani abu mai tsauri. Likita zai:

  • Tambaye ki tarihin haihuwa, tsufa/menopause, kiba, constipation, tari, da alamomin fitsari/bayan gida. [2][3]
  • Yi pelvic examination domin duba bulge/prolapse da matakinsa. [2][3]
  • Idan akwai matsalar fitsari ko bayan gida sosai, ana iya bada shawarar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje gwargwadon bukata. [2]

NHS da Mayo Clinic sun nuna cewa binciken pelvic da tattaunawar alamu su ne ginshiƙai wajen ganowa. [2][3]

Magani: Kegel, pessary, hormone cream, tiyata

Magani ya dogara da tsanani da kuma yadda alamu ke shafar rayuwar mace. A wasu mata, saukar mahaifa na da sauƙi kuma ana kula da ita ta hanyar motsa jiki da gyaran rayuwa. A wasu, ana bukatar pessary ko tiyata. NHS ta lissafa manyan zabukan magani: pelvic floor training, pessary, hormone treatment (ga wasu), da tiyata idan tsanani ne. [2]

1) Pelvic floor exercises (Kegel/Physiotherapy)

Wannan shi ne magani mafi “lafiya” kuma mafi sauƙi a matakai na farko. Ana yin sa domin ƙarfafa tsokokin da ke riƙe mahaifa da farji. NHS ta ambaci pelvic floor training tare da physiotherapist na lafiyar mata a matsayin babban zabin farko. [2]

Yadda ake Kegel a sauƙaƙe:
  1. Kaɗa ki yi a lokacin da kike fitsari kullum; ki yi a lokaci daban.
  2. Matse tsokokin da kike amfani da su wajen riƙe fitsari (kamar kina ƙoƙarin dakatar da zubar fitsari).
  3. Riƙe na sakan 3–5, sai ki saki na sakan 3–5.
  4. Maimaita sau 10 a kowane “set.”
  5. Ki yi set 2–3 a rana (ko yadda physiotherapist ya tsara miki). [2]

Idan kina da ciwo ko kina rikicewa wajen gano tsokar da ta dace, physiotherapist na lafiyar mata na iya koya miki hanyar da ta fi kyau, domin wasu lokuta mutane na matse ciki/duwawu maimakon pelvic floor. [2]

2) Vaginal pessary (na’urar tallafi)

Pessary na’ura ce (yawanci silicone) da ake saka a farji domin tallafawa gabobin da suka sauko. NHS ta bayyana pessary a matsayin na’urar roba/silicone da ake saka a farji domin tallafawa pelvic organs. [2] NHS inform ma ta bayyana cewa pessary na taimaka wajen “tura prolapse baya” ta hanyar riƙe bangon farji a matsayinsa. [5]

Pessary na dacewa sosai ga:

  • Mace da ke son gujewa tiyata ko ta jinkirta ta. [2][9]
  • Mace da ke da cututtuka da ke sa tiyata ta zama da haɗari. [9]
  • Mace da ke da prolapse amma tana so ta ci gaba da aiki/tafiya cikin sauƙi. [2][5]
Abubuwan da ake bukata idan an saka pessary:
  • Dole ne a daidaita girma/irin pessary da jikin mace, ba duka iri ɗaya ba. [5]
  • Akan bukaci duba lokaci-lokaci domin gujewa rauni ko infection, musamman idan ana amfani da ita na dogon lokaci. [5]

3) Hormone treatment (ga wasu mata)

Ga wasu mata musamman bayan menopause, ana iya ba da vaginal estrogen (cream/tablet/ring) domin taimakawa wajen inganta lafiyar kyallen farji, musamman idan akwai bushewa ko rauni. NHS ta lissafa hormone treatment a cikin zabukan magani. [2]

4) Tiyata (Surgery)

Idan prolapse ta tsananta, ko alamu sun yi tsanani, ko ba a samu sauƙi da Kegel/pessary ba, ana iya ba da shawarar tiyata. ACOG ta yi bayani cewa akwai zabukan tiyata daban-daban, kuma ana la’akari da amfanin tiyata, hadari, da madadin zabuka kafin yanke shawara. [6] NHS ma ta ce idan prolapse ta yi tsanani, tiyata na iya zama zaɓi. [2]

Gargadi mai muhimmanci: Kada ki yanke shawarar tiyata daga “labari” kawai. Ki tattauna da likitan mata: wace irin tiyata ce, menene abin da take gyarawa, menene hadari, da kuma ko kina shirin ɗaukar ciki a gaba. [6][2]

Hanyoyin kariya da gyaran rayuwa

Ko kina da prolapse ko kina son kariya, waɗannan matakai na taimakawa:

  • Ki riƙa yin Kegel/physio a kai-a-kai domin ƙarfafa pelvic floor. [2]
  • Ki rage kiba idan nauyi ya yi yawa domin rage matsi a ciki. [2][4]
  • Ki magance constipation: fiber + ruwa + motsa jiki, ki guji tura ƙarfi. [2][4]
  • Ki magance tari idan yana ɗorewa. [2]
  • Ki guji ɗaga kaya masu nauyi ko ki koyi yadda ake ɗaga kaya daidai. [2]
Idan kina bayan haihuwa: Matakin “postpartum” lokaci ne da pelvic floor ke bukatar kulawa. Idan kin fara jin nauyi ko bulge, ki tuntuɓi ma’aikacin lafiya domin a ba ki shawarwarin physiotherapy da wuri. [2]

Lokacin gaggawa: yaushe a je asibiti?

Ki je asibiti ko ki ga likita da wuri idan kin samu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan:

  • Kasa yin fitsari ko wahalar fitsari sosai.
  • Zubar jini daga farji ba tare da sanin dalili ba.
  • Zazzabi ko wari/fitowar ruwa da ke nuna infection.
  • Nama ya fito waje kuma yana ciwo, kumburi, ko rauni.
  • Ciwo mai tsanani da ke hana ki tafiya, zama, ko barci.

NHS ta nuna cewa idan prolapse na damun rayuwa ko yana tsananta, a nemi magani; sannan zabin magani yana dogara da tsanani. [2]

FAQ 24 (Tambayoyi Masu Yawan Fitowa) domin Google Discover

1. Menene Saukar Mahaifa?

Saukar mahaifa na faruwa idan pelvic floor ya raunana, mahaifa ta gangaro ƙasa cikin farji ko ta protrude waje. [3]

2. Shin Saukar Mahaifa da POP ɗaya ne?

Saukar mahaifa wani ɓangare ne na POP. POP na iya haɗawa da mahaifa, mafitsara, ko hanji da suka sauko. [4]

3. Wane abu ne ya fi haddasa saukar mahaifa?

Haihuwa ta farji da yawa, tsufa/menopause, kiba, constipation, tari mai ɗorewa, da ɗaga nauyi. [2][3][4]

4. Alamarta ta farko wace ce?

Jin nauyi/matsi a farji ko jin bulge kamar wani abu yana gangarowa ƙasa. [2][4]

5. Shin prolapse na iya kawo zubewar fitsari?

Eh. POP na iya haɗuwa da stress incontinence ko matsalar zubarwa. [2][9]

6. Shin prolapse na iya kawo wahalar bayan gida?

Eh, musamman idan rectocele ya shiga, zai iya kawo cunkoso/wahala. [4]

7. Shin Kegel na taimaka?

Eh. Pelvic floor training na daga cikin zabin farko, musamman a matakai masu sauƙi. [2]

8. Sau nawa ake yin Kegel?

Yana bambanta, amma yawanci set-set na 10, sau 2–3 a rana; physiotherapist na iya tsara miki. [2]

9. Menene pessary?

Na’urar silicone/roba da ake saka a farji domin tallafawa pelvic organs da suka sauko. [2][5]

10. Shin pessary tana warkar da prolapse?

Yawanci tana rage alamu ta hanyar tallafi; ba lallai ta “share” prolapse gaba ɗaya ba. [2][5]

11. Shin pessary tana bukatar tsafta da duba asibiti?

Eh. Ana bukatar kulawa da duba lokaci-lokaci domin gujewa matsaloli. [5]

12. Yaushe ake bukatar tiyata?

Idan prolapse ta tsananta ko alamu sun yi tsanani, ko ba a samu sauƙi da Kegel/pessary ba. [2][6]

13. Shin dole a cire mahaifa idan an yi tiyata?

Ba dole ba ga kowa. Akwai zabuka daban-daban; likita zai duba abin da ya dace. [6]

14. Shin prolapse na hana haihuwa?

Ba lallai ba, amma idan tsanani ne, a tuntuɓi likita kafin shirin ciki domin shawara ta musamman. [6]

15. Shin prolapse na dawowa bayan magani?

Yana yiwuwa, musamman idan dalilan matsi (kiba/constipation/ɗaga nauyi) suka ci gaba. [2]

16. Shin tsufa na ƙara yawan prolapse?

Eh, yawan sa yakan ƙaru da shekaru, musamman bayan menopause. [2][4]

17. Shin tari mai tsanani na da alaƙa?

Eh, tari mai ɗorewa na ƙara matsi a ciki kuma na iya tsananta POP. [2]

18. Shin constipation na da alaƙa?

Eh, yawan tura ƙarfi wajen bayan gida na iya tsananta prolapse. [2][4]

19. Shin jima’i na iya zama mai zafi?

Wasu mata na iya jin rashin jin daɗi ko ciwo. Idan hakan ta faru, a ga likita domin dubawa. [2]

20. Menene vaginal estrogen, kuma wa ya dace?

Vaginal estrogen (cream/tablet/ring) na iya taimaka wa wasu mata (musamman bayan menopause) wajen lafiyar kyallen farji. [2]

21. Yaushe zan je asibiti gaggawa?

Idan kin kasa yin fitsari, zubar jini, zazzabi, ko nama ya fito waje yana ciwo/kumburi/rauni. [2]

22. Shin POP na faruwa ga matasa?

Yana iya faruwa, musamman bayan haihuwa ko wasu dalilai, amma yawan sa yakan ƙaru da shekaru. [4]

23. Shin wankewa ko “maganin gargajiya” na iya gyara prolapse?

Ba ya gyara raunin pelvic floor. Hanyoyin da aka fi dogaro da su su ne Kegel/physio, pessary, ko tiyata gwargwadon tsanani. [2][6]

24. Ta yaya zan rage haɗari daga farko?

Kegel, rage kiba, magance constipation, magance tari, da gujewa ɗaga nauyi. [2][4]

References (domin cigaba da karatu)

  1. [1] NHS – Pelvic organ prolapse (overview, treatment options): https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pelvic-organ-prolapse/
  2. [2] NHS inform – Pelvic organ prolapse (pessary explanation, symptoms/treatment): https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/sexual-and-reproductive/pelvic-organ-prolapse/
  3. [3] Mayo Clinic – Uterine prolapse (symptoms & causes): https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/uterine-prolapse/symptoms-causes/syc-20353458
  4. [4] Cleveland Clinic – Pelvic organ prolapse (types, causes, symptoms, treatment): https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24046-pelvic-organ-prolapse
  5. [5] NHS inform – Vaginal pessary details (device, shapes/sizes, notes): https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/sexual-and-reproductive/pelvic-organ-prolapse/
  6. [6] ACOG – Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse (risks/benefits/alternatives): https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/surgery-for-pelvic-organ-prolapse
  7. [7] Mayo Clinic – Uterine prolapse (diagnosis & treatment): https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/uterine-prolapse/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353464
  8. [8] ACOG – Pelvic support problems (definitions incl. pessary): https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/pelvic-support-problems
  9. [9] Cleveland Clinic – Pessary (benefits, care, effectiveness): https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/16036-pessaries
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