Menene Allurar Sayana (Sayana Press)? Amfaninta da Abinda take haifarwa

Tsarin Iyali

Menene Allurar Sayana (Sayana Press)? Amfaninta da Abubuwan da Take Haifarwa

Allurar Sayana (wanda aka fi sani da Sayana Press) na daga cikin hanyoyin hana ɗaukar ciki na dogon lokaci. Matan da dama suna tambaya: “Menene ainihin Sayana?”, “Ta yaya take aiki?”, “Wane anfani take da shi?”, da “Wane irin illa take da shi?” Wannan shafin zai yi bayani dalla-dalla, cikin Hausa, tare da shawarwarin tsaro.

Abubuwan da ke ciki

• Menene Sayana Press?
• Yadda Sayana ke aiki a jiki
• Ingancin hana ciki da tsawon kariya
• Yadda ake yin allura da jadawali
• Amfanin Sayana
• Illoli da abubuwan da za su iya faruwa
• Wa ya dace ya yi? Wa ya kamata ya yi hattara?
• Dawowar haihuwa bayan an daina
• Lokutan gaggawa: yaushe a je asibiti?
• FAQs 20
• References

Menene Sayana Press?

Sayana Press allurar hana ɗaukar ciki ce da ke ɗauke da sinadarin medroxyprogesterone acetate a ƙananan kashi (DMPA-SC), wato subcutaneous (ana yi a ƙarƙashin fata, ba cikin tsoka ba). Ana shiryawa a cikin “prefilled” na’ura (Uniject), don sauƙaƙa yin ta a asibiti ko ma a wasu ƙasashe ana koyar da self-injection (mace ta yi wa kanta bayan horo). [SmPC: Sayana Press] [PATH DMPA-SC FAQ]

A rubutun ƙwararru, Sayana Press na ɗaya daga cikin “progestin-only injectables”. Yana kama da Depo-Provera (DMPA-IM) amma Sayana Press na subcutaneous ne kuma kashi ya bambanta. [SmPC]

Yadda Sayana ke aiki a jiki

Sayana Press na aiki ta hanyoyi masu muhimmanci:

• Ta hana ovulation (fitowar ƙwai) – wato ba a sakin ƙwai a cikin wata.
• Ta kauri ruwan mahaifa (cervical mucus) – yana wahalar da maniyyi shiga.
• Ta canza rufin mahaifa – yana rage yiwuwar ɗaurewar ciki idan aka samu ƙwai.

Wannan bayanin ya yi daidai da bayanan kamfani/SmPC game da hana ovulation da kariya na tsawon makonni 13. [SmPC]

Ingancin hana ciki da tsawon kariya

Sayana Press na ba da kariya na akalla makonni 13 (kimanin watanni 3). A wasu takardu an nuna ana iya yin ta cikin “window” na ±1 mako, amma mafi aminci shi ne a riƙe jadawalin da aka tsara. [SmPC] Idan an yi amfani da ita yadda ya dace, DMPA-SC na da inganci sosai; PATH ta bayyana cewa tana hana fiye da 99% na ciki idan an yi daidai. [PATH]

Abin da ya fi muhimmanci: Inganci yana dogara da rashin jinkirta lokacin allura. Idan kika wuce lokacin da aka kayyade, kariyar na ragu, kuma ana bukatar kariya ta wucin gadi (kamar condom) har sai an sake daidaita. [PIL: Missed injection]

Yadda ake yin allura da jadawali

1) A ina ake yi?

Saboda DMPA-SC ce, ana yawan yi ta a ƙarƙashin fata (kamar a cinya ko ciki – gwargwadon jagorar ma’aikacin lafiya). Wasu tsare-tsare suna koyar da self-injection bayan horo, domin mace ta rika yi a gida, amma a yi wannan ne kawai idan an ba da horo da izini. [PATH]

2) Sau nawa ake yi?

Ana yin Sayana Press kowane makonni 13 (watanni 3). SmPC ya bayyana kariya na akalla makonni 13, kuma ya yi ishara da jinkirin dawowar ovulation a wasu mata. [SmPC]

3) Me zai faru idan na makara?

Idan kika makara har kika wuce “window”, akwai yiwuwar ciki. Wasu leaflets sun ambaci cewa idan an jira fiye da makonni 14 tsakanin allurai, hadarin ciki na karuwa, kuma ana iya bukatar kariya ta wucin gadi da/ko gwajin ciki gwargwadon lokaci. [PIL]

Amfanin Sayana Press

• Hanya ce ta dogon lokaci: watanni 3 kariya ba tare da tunawa kullum ba.
• Ba ta dauke da estrogen: wannan na taimakawa ga wasu mata da ba su son ko ba su dace da estrogen ba (amma har yanzu a tuntubi ma’aikacin lafiya).
• Rage zafin al’ada a wasu mata: saboda tana iya rage matse-matsen mahaifa ga wasu (ba kowa ba).
• Zai iya rage yawan jinin al’ada ko ya dakatar da shi: wasu mata na samun “amenorrhea” (jini ya daina zuwa) bayan wani lokaci. [NHS inform]
• Sirri: ba sai an dauki abu a jaka ko a gani kullum ba.
• Zaɓin self-injection (a inda ake aiwatarwa): yana iya sauƙaƙa wa mata masu nisa da asibiti. [PATH]

Illoli da abubuwan da Sayana Press za ta iya haifarwa

Kamar kowace hanyar hana ciki, Sayana Press na iya haifar da canje-canje. Mafi yawansu ba su da haɗari, amma wasu na bukatar kulawa. Abu mafi yawan faruwa shi ne canjin jinin al’ada. [FP Handbook] [NHS inform]

1) Canjin jinin al’ada (spotting, rashin daidaito, ko jini ya tsaya)

A watanni na farko, mace na iya ganin: spotting, jini yana zuwa ba lokaci, ko ya tsawaita. Daga baya, jini na iya raguwa sosai ko ya daina zuwa gaba ɗaya. Wannan na faruwa ga mutane da dama a kan “injectables”. [FP Handbook] [NHS inform]

2) Ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, kumburin ciki, canjin yanayi

NHS ta ambaci illoli kamar ciwon kai, ciwon ciki, kumburi, tashin zuciya, da kuma yiwuwar jin damuwa ko canjin yanayi ga wasu masu amfani da medroxyprogesterone injections. [NHS]

3) Ƙaruwa a nauyi (weight gain)

Wasu mata na iya ƙara nauyi. Ba kowa ba ne, amma an san yana iya faruwa a progestin-only injectables. [NHS inform] [NHS]

4) Reaction a wurin allura

Saboda allura ce ta ƙasan fata, wasu na iya jin ɗan zafi, ja, ko kumburi a wurin allurar. A yawanci ba ya da tsanani. [GiveWell summary]

5) Jinkirin dawowar haihuwa bayan daina (ba “bakarwa” ba)

Abu mai muhimmanci: Sayana ba ta sa mace ta zama “bakarwa” na har abada. Amma tana iya jawo jinkiri kafin ovulation ta dawo. SmPC ya bayyana cewa dawowar fertility/ovulation na iya jinkirta har zuwa shekara 1 a wasu. [SmPC] Haka WHO/SPR (kamar yadda aka ambata a rubutun nazari) na nuna median delay na kusan watanni 10 daga allura ta ƙarshe ga DMPA. [PMC review]

6) Raguwar ƙarfi/karkarwar ƙashi (bone mineral density)

Wani muhimmin batu a DMPA shi ne raguwar bone mineral density (BMD). FDA ta sanya gargaɗi cewa amfani da depo-subQ provera 104 (irin DMPA-SC) na iya haifar da raguwar BMD, kuma raguwar na iya ƙaruwa da tsawon amfani, kuma ba lallai ta dawo 100% ba ga kowa. [Pfizer medical: BMD warning] [FDA label PDF]

Me wannan ke nufi a aikace? Idan mace tana matashiya sosai (adolescence) ko tana da hadarin osteoporosis, ya dace a tattauna da ma’aikacin lafiya: shin Sayana ita ce mafi dacewa, tsawon lokacin amfani, da matakan kariya kamar abinci mai sinadarin calcium/vitamin D da motsa jiki. [Pfizer medical]

7) Damuwa/Depression (ga wasu)

Wasu mata na iya lura da canjin yanayi ko damuwa. NHS ta ambaci yiwuwar “feeling nervous or depressed” a wasu. Idan kina da tarihin depression mai tsanani, ki sanar da likita kafin fara amfani. [NHS]

Wa ya dace ya yi? Wa ya kamata ya yi hattara?

A yawanci Sayana Press na dacewa ga mata masu son kariya na watanni 3. Amma akwai yanayi da ake bukatar shawarar likita sosai ko a duba wata hanya dabam.

Masu bukatar shawara ta musamman

• Masu tarihin raguwar ƙashi/osteoporosis ko babban hadari.
• Masu zubar jini ba tare da sanin dalili ba.
• Masu cancer na nono (ko tarihin sa) – a tattauna da likita.
• Masu matsanancin depression ko canjin yanayi mai tsanani.
• Idan kina shayarwa ko kina da jariri: ana iya amfani a wasu lokuta, amma a bi shawarar ma’aikacin lafiya (ka’idoji suna bambanta da lokaci bayan haihuwa).

Ka’idojin cancanta (eligibility) na contraceptives ana yawan komawa ga jagororin WHO (Medical Eligibility Criteria) domin tantance wanda ya dace da wane yanayi. [WHO MEC PDF]

Dawowar haihuwa bayan an daina Sayana

Wannan tambaya ce da ake yawan yi: “Idan na daina Sayana, yaushe zan iya ɗaukar ciki?” Amsar gaskiya ita ce: ba daidai yake ga kowa ba. SmPC ya ce dawowar ovulation na iya jinkirta har zuwa shekara 1 a wasu mata. [SmPC] Wani nazari ya ambaci cewa a DMPA, jinkirin dawowar fertility na iya zama median kusan watanni 10 daga ranar allura ta ƙarshe. [PMC review]

Bottom line: Sayana ba ta kulle mahaifa har abada, amma idan kina shirin ɗaukar ciki nan kusa (misali cikin watanni 3–6), watakila wata hanyar hana ciki ta fi dacewa da ke. Ki tattauna da ma’aikacin lafiya.

Lokutan gaggawa: yaushe a je asibiti?

Je asibiti nan da nan idan kin samu:

• Jini mai yawa sosai ko zubar jini da ke sa ki yin jiri/rauni
• Ciwo mai tsanani a ƙasan ciki tare da zazzabi ko wari (ana zargin infection)
• Wahalar numfashi, kumburin fuska/leɓɓa, ko kuraje masu tsanani (allergy)
• Matsanancin ciwon kai sabo, gani ya rikice, ko rauni a hannu/ƙafa kwatsam

Ko da yake irin wadannan ba su fiye faruwa ba, ana ɗaukar su a matsayin “red flags” a magunguna. Idan kina cikin shakku, ki nemi taimakon ma’aikacin lafiya.

FAQ 20: Tambayoyi da Amsoshi

1) Menene Sayana Press a takaice?

Allurar hana ɗaukar ciki ce (DMPA-SC) da ake yi a ƙarƙashin fata, tana bada kariya na makonni 13. [SmPC]

2) Sau nawa ake yi?

Kowane makonni 13 (watanni 3). [SmPC]

3) Shin mace na iya yi wa kanta a gida?

A wasu tsare-tsare ana koyar da self-injection bayan horo; inganci iri ɗaya ne idan an yi daidai. [PATH]

4) Shin Sayana tana da estrogen?

A’a, progestin-only ce.

5) Wane illa aka fi gani?

Canjin jinin al’ada (spotting/irregular bleeding ko jini ya tsaya). [FP Handbook]

6) Shin jini na iya daina zuwa?

Eh, hakan na faruwa ga wasu bayan lokaci. [NHS inform]

7) Shin hakan cuta ce?

Ba lallai ba. Yawanci sakamakon yadda DMPA ke aiki ne. Amma idan kina da damuwa ko ciki yana yiwuwa, a yi gwaji.

8) Shin Sayana na sa mace ta yi kiba?

Wasu na iya ƙara nauyi. [NHS]

9) Shin tana da illa ga ƙashi?

Akwai gargaɗin raguwar bone mineral density, musamman da tsawon amfani. [Pfizer medical]

10) Har yaushe zan iya amfani da ita?

Ya danganta da yanayin ki da shawarar ma’aikacin lafiya, musamman idan ana la’akari da batun BMD. [FDA label]

11) Idan na makara da allura fa?

Idan an jira fiye da makonni 14, hadarin ciki na karuwa; a tuntubi ma’aikacin lafiya kuma a yi kariya ta wucin gadi. [PIL]

12) Shin Sayana na karewa daga STIs?

A’a. Condom ne ke rage hadarin STIs.

13) Shin yana yiwuwa a ɗauki ciki yayin amfani?

Yana da wuya idan an yi a kan lokaci, amma yiwuwa na ƙaruwa idan an makara. [PATH]

14) Idan na daina, yaushe zan iya ɗaukar ciki?

Wasu na samun jinkiri; median na kusan watanni 10 daga allura ta ƙarshe a DMPA, kuma a wasu na iya ɗaukar har shekara 1 kafin ovulation ta dawo. [PMC] [SmPC]

15) Shin wannan na nufin bakarwa?

A’a. Jinkiri ne kawai a wasu.

16) Shin tana haifar da ciwon nono?

Wasu na iya jin taurin nono ko canje-canje, amma ba dole ba. Idan kin ga kumburi/lump ko wani abu sabo, a bincika.

17) Shin tana iya jawo depression?

Wasu na iya jin damuwa ko canjin yanayi. Idan kin lura da tsanani, ki tuntubi likita. [NHS]

18) Shin akwai reaction a wurin allura?

Eh, ɗan zafi/ja/kumburi na iya faruwa amma yawanci ba ya da tsanani. [GiveWell]

19) Shin Sayana ta dace ga kowa?

Ba lallai ba. Ana la’akari da yanayi kamar hadarin ƙashi, zubar jini ba tare da dalili ba, da sauransu. [WHO MEC]

20) Me zan yi idan ina so in fara Sayana?

Ki je asibiti/pharmacy mai sahihanci domin tantance lafiyar ki, a koyar da jadawali, da abin da za ki sa ido a kai.

References (domin cigaba da karatu)

1. SmPC: SAYANA PRESS (medicines.org.uk)
2. Patient Leaflet (PIL): Missed injection & guidance
3. PATH: DMPA-SC & self-injection FAQs (2025)
4. NHS: Side effects of medroxyprogesterone contraceptive injections
5. NHS inform: Contraceptive injection (bleeding changes)
6. Pfizer Medical: Depo-subQ Provera 104 boxed warning (Bone mineral density)
7. FDA label PDF: Depo-subQ Provera 104
8. Family Planning Handbook: Side effects of injectables (bleeding patterns)
9. PMC (2025): Return to fertility after DMPA-SC (narrative review)
10. WHO: Medical Eligibility Criteria for contraceptive use (PDF)